Applied Geoscience Hydrogen and CO2 Laboratory

High-Pressure Micromodel Experiments

Glass micromodels with different pore networks and wettability. Possibility to use real rock thin section micromodels. Multi-phase of hydrogen and CO2 at in-situ elevated pressures, and multiphase flow. Constant pressure and flowrate monitoring, supported by image analysis. Contaminant transport investigations. Microbial activities and biofilm growth experiments. Evaluation of effect of fluid properties on the multiphase flow (Viscosity, Density, Salinity) Evaluation of Surface properties on fluid flow properties (Wettability). Micro-scale evaluation of surface interactions of different fluids.

The Multiphase Micromodel Rig consists of a high-resolution camera, adaptable light sources (including UV) and glass micromodel slides. A range of syringe pumps, including Cetoni, InfusionONE and ISCO fluid syringe pumps (brine, hydrogen, CO2, etc.) and back pressure regulators are designed for elevated temperature, pressure, hydrogen and CO2 conditions. All wetting parts within t

The THMC Multiphase Flow Rig was designed and built to facilitate multi-phase flow through 38mm diameter cylindrical rock samples over a range of temperatures, fluid types, fluid pressures and confining stress equivalent to less than 4km depth. It also allows the injection of tracers and other such markers along with fluid sample collection post rock contact. The equipment consists of a Hassler-type high-pressure vessel, which holds cylindrical rock samples of 38mm diameter and up to 80mm in length. The fluid pumps (both brine and CO2) are designed for high temperature, pressure and supercritical CO2 conditions and all wetting parts within the system are in 316 stainless steel or PEEK to limit corrosion. Injection is at the bottom of the sample to minimise slug flow and maximise the effects of buoyancy. The THMC Multiphase Flow Rig is rated to provide: • Up to 60MPa radial confining (σ2=σ3) pressure. • Up to 60MPa fluid pressure. • Up to 80oC rock temperature. • Up to 80oC injection fluid temperature. • Singl

Multi-phase geochemical reactions for hydrogen and CO2 at in-situ elevated temperatures, fluid types, and pressures. Constant pressure monitoring, with fluid and gas sampling supported by full rock, gas and fluid analysis.

The Low pressure 1 meter Hydrogen / CO2 Flow Rig has being designed to combine with a Hiden HPR20 mass spectrometer to characterise the bulk flow properties of gasses through a 1m long sandstone core at around ambient pressure and temperature. Breakthrough curves can be used to determine: advective velocity; mechanical dispersion; molecular diffusion and sorption of hydrogen during mass transfer through porous reservoir sandstones. The Long Core Flow Rig has been designed to provide:

• 1m long, 38mm diameter fell sandstone core contained within gas tight foil, resin and stainless steel piping. • Up to 1MPa gas pressure. • Up to 60oC rock temperature. • Up to 60oC injection gas temperature. • Single and multiphase gas flow including hydrogen, nitrogen, noble gasses, SF6 tracer and CO2. • Flow rates from 0.001ml/min to 20ml/min depending on pump type. o ISCO Syringe pumps with 100ml capacity o Cetoni Dual Syringe Pump system o CP Class dual-headed, positive displacement piston pumps with constant pressure or flow rate control. • Upstream, downstream and differential pressure measurement and logging. • Gas sampling by Hiden HPR20 mass spectrometer.

The Unconfined Fracturing Rig is designed to create hydraulic fractures in large (200mm diameter) rock samples. The Unconfined Fracturing Rig is rated to provide: • 200mm diameter and length samples • Up to 700 bar load • Up to 70MPa injection pore fluid pressure • Up to 60oC rock temperature. • Up to 60oC injection gas temperature • Fluid pressure measurement and logging. • Flow rates from 0.001ml/min to 20ml/min depending on pump type. o ISCO Syringe pumps with 100ml capacity o Cetoni Dual Syringe Pump system o CP Class dual-headed, positive displacement piston pumps with constant pressure or flow rate control.