Friction data of simulated fault gouges derived from the Groningen gas field

Hunfeld, Luuk; Niemeijer, André; Spiers, Christopher;

2017-12 || GFZ Data Services

We investigated the frictional properties of simulated fault gouges derived from the main lithologies present in the seismogenic Groningen gas field (NE Netherlands), employing in-situ P-T conditions and varying pore fluid salinity. Direct shear experiments were performed on gouges prepared from the Carboniferous Shale/Siltstone underburden, the Upper Rotliegend Slochteren Sandstone reservoir, the overlying Ten Boer Claystone, and the Basal Zechstein anhydrite-carbonate caprock, at 100 ºC, 40 MPa effective normal stress, and sliding velocities of 0.1-10 µm/s. As pore fluids, we used pure water, 0.5-6.2 M NaCl solutions, and a 6.9 M mixed chloride brine mimicking the formation water. Our results show a mechanical stratigraphy, with a maximum friction coefficient (µ) of ~0.65 for the Basal Zechstein, a minimum of ~0.37 for the Ten Boer claystone, ~0.6 for the reservoir sandstone, ~0.5 for the Carboniferous, and µ-values between the end-members for mixed gouges. Pore fluid salinity had no effect on frictional strength. Most gouges showed velocity-strengthening behavior, with little effect of pore fluid salinity on (a-b). However, Basal Zechstein gouge showed velocity-weakening at low salinities and/or sliding velocities, as did 50:50 mixtures with sandstone gouges, tested with the 6.9 M reservoir brine. From a Rate-and-State-Friction viewpoint, our results imply that faults incorporating Basal Zechstein anhydrite-carbonate material at the top of the reservoir are the most prone to accelerating slip, i.e. have the highest seismogenic potential. The results are equally relevant to other Dutch Rotliegend fields and to similar sequences globally.



The data is provided in a .zip folder with 29 subfolders for 29 experiments/samples. Detailed information about the files in these subfolders as well as information on how the data is processed is given in the explanatory file Hunfeld-et-al-2017-Data-Description.pdf



Originally assigned keywords

Corresponding MSL vocabulary keywords

MSL enriched keywords

Originally assigned sub domains
  • rock and melt physics
MSL enriched sub domains
  • rock and melt physics
  • analogue modelling of geologic processes
  • geochemistry
Source http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.5880/fidgeo.2017.014
Source publisher GFZ Data Services
DOI 10.5880/fidgeo.2017.014
License CC BY 4.0
Authors
  • Hunfeld, Luuk
  • 0000-0001-9250-414X
  • HPT Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
  • Niemeijer, André
  • 0000-0003-3983-9308
  • HPT Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
  • Spiers, Christopher
  • 0000-0002-3436-8941
  • HPT Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
References
  • Hunfeld, L. B., Niemeijer, A. R., & Spiers, C. J. (2017). Frictional Properties of Simulated Fault Gouges from the Seismogenic Groningen Gas Field Under In Situ P–T ‐Chemical Conditions. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 122(11), 8969–8989. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017jb014876
  • 10.1002/2017JB014876
  • IsSupplementTo
Contact
  • Hunfeld, Luuk
  • HPT Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
  • l.b.hunfeld@uu.nl
Citation Hunfeld, L., Niemeijer, A., & Spiers, C. (2017). Friction data of simulated fault gouges derived from the Groningen gas field [Data set]. GFZ Data Services. https://doi.org/10.5880/FIDGEO.2017.014