Dataset

High-speed digital image correlation data from laboratory subduction megathrust models

Kosari, Ehsan; Rosenau , Matthias ; Ziegenhagen, Thomas ; Oncken, Onno ;

2022-08 || GFZ Data Services

This data set includes data derived from high-speed surface displacement observations from analog earthquake experiments. The data consists of surface displacement of the experiment upper plate and slab, slip distribution, and grids of Coulomb Failure Stress (CFS). The surface displacement observations have been captured using a highspeed CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) camera (Phantom VEO 640L camera, 12 bit) and processed with LaVision Davis 10 software. Description of the experiments and results regarding the surface displacement observation, Slip distribution, and CFS can be found in Kosari et al. (2022), to which this data set is supplementary.

We use an analog seismotectonic scale model approach (Rosenau et al., 2019 and 2017) to generate a catalog of analog megathrust earthquakes. The presented experimental setup is modified from the 3D setup used in Rosenau et al. (2019) and Kosari et al. ( 2020 and 2022). The subduction forearc model wedge is set up in a glass-sided box (1000 mm across strike, 800mm along strike, and 300 mm deep) with a dipping, elastic basal conveyor belt, and a rigid backwall. An elastoplastic sand-rubber mixture (50 vol.% quartz sandG12: 50 vol.% EPDM rubber) is sieved into the setup representing a 240 km long forearc segment from the trench to the volcanic arc. The shallow part of the wedge includes a basal layer of sticky rice grains characterized by unstable stick-slip sliding representing the seismogenic zone. The Stick-slip sliding in rice is governed by a rate-and-state dependent friction law similar to natural rocks. A flat-top (surface slope α=0) wedge overlies rectangular stick-slip patch/es over a 15-degree dipping basal thrust. Two different seismic configurations of the shallow part of the wedge base (the megathrust) represent the depth extent of the seismogenic zone in nature.

In the first configuration (homogeneous configuration), a single large rectangular stick-slip patch (Width*Length=200*800 mm) is implemented as the main slip patch (MSP). In the second case (heterogeneous configuration), two square-shaped MSPs (200*200mm) have been emplaced, acting as two medium-size seismogenic asperities surrounded by a salt matrix hosting frequent small events. Slow continuous compression of the wedge by moving the basal conveyor belt at a speed velocity of 0.05 mm/s simulates plate convergence and results in the quasi-periodic nucleation of quasi-periodic stick-slip events (analog earthquakes) within the sticky-rice layer. The wedge responds elastically to these basal slip events, similar to crustal rebound during natural subduction megathrust earthquakes.

Originally assigned keywords

Corresponding MSL vocabulary keywords

MSL enriched keywords

Originally assigned sub domains

analogue modelling of geologic processes

MSL enriched sub domains	analogue modelling of geologic processes rock and melt physics
Source	http://doi.org/10.5880/fidgeo.2022.024
Source publisher	GFZ Data Services
DOI	10.5880/fidgeo.2022.024
License	CC BY 4.0
Authors	Kosari, Ehsan 0000-0002-1052-4997 GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany Rosenau , Matthias 0000-0003-1134-5381 GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany Ziegenhagen, Thomas GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany Oncken, Onno 0000-0002-2894-480X GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
References	Kosari, E., Rosenau, M., Ziegenhagen, T., & Oncken, O. (2022). Upper Plate Response to a Sequential Elastic Rebound and Slab Acceleration During Laboratory‐Scale Subduction Megathrust Earthquakes. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 127(9). Portico. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022jb024143 10.1029/2022JB024143 IsSupplementTo Adam, J., Urai, J. L., Wieneke, B., Oncken, O., Pfeiffer, K., Kukowski, N., Lohrmann, J., Hoth, S., van der Zee, W., & Schmatz, J. (2005). Shear localisation and strain distribution during tectonic faulting—new insights from granular-flow experiments and high-resolution optical image correlation techniques. Journal of Structural Geology, 27(2), 283–301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2004.08.008 10.1016/j.jsg.2004.08.008 Cites Kosari, E., Rosenau, M., Bedford, J., Rudolf, M., & Oncken, O. (2020). On the Relationship Between Offshore Geodetic Coverage and Slip Model Uncertainty: Analog Megathrust Earthquake Case Studies. Geophysical Research Letters, 47(15). Portico. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020gl088266 10.1029/2020GL088266 Cites Kosari, E., Rosenau, M., Bedford, J., Rudolf, M., & Oncken, O. (2020). Digital image correlation data from analogue subduction megathrust earthquakes addressing the control of geodetic coverage on coseismic slip inversion [Data set]. GFZ Data Services. https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.4.1.2020.003 10.5880/GFZ.4.1.2020.003 Cites Kosari, E., Rosenau, M., & Oncken, O. (2022). Strain Signals Governed by Frictional‐Elastoplastic Interaction of the Upper Plate and Shallow Subduction Megathrust Interface Over Seismic Cycles. Tectonics, 41(5). Portico. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021tc007099 10.1029/2021TC007099 Cites Kosari, E., Rosenau, M., & Oncken, O. (2022). Digital image correlation data from laboratory subduction megathrust models [Data set]. GFZ Data Services. https://doi.org/10.5880/FIDGEO.2022.015 10.5880/fidgeo.2022.015 Cites Lin, J., & Stein, R. S. (2004). Stress triggering in thrust and subduction earthquakes and stress interaction between the southern San Andreas and nearby thrust and strike‐slip faults. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 109(B2). Portico. https://doi.org/10.1029/2003jb002607 10.1029/2003JB002607 Cites Rosenau, M., Corbi, F., & Dominguez, S. (2017). Analogue earthquakes and seismic cycles: experimental modelling across timescales. Solid Earth, 8(3), 597–635. https://doi.org/10.5194/se-8-597-2017 10.5194/se-8-597-2017 Cites Rosenau, M., Horenko, I., Corbi, F., Rudolf, M., Kornhuber, R., & Oncken, O. (2019). Synchronization of Great Subduction Megathrust Earthquakes: Insights From Scale Model Analysis. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 124(4), 3646–3661. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jb016597 10.1029/2018JB016597 Cites
Contact	Kosari, Ehsan GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
Citation	Kosari, E., Rosenau , M., Ziegenhagen, T., & Oncken, O. (2022). High-speed digital image correlation data from laboratory subduction megathrust models [Data set]. GFZ Data Services. https://doi.org/10.5880/FIDGEO.2022.024